On Dec. 18, the United States House of Representatives voted to accuse Admiral Trump. They anesthetized resolutions on two charges, corruption of adeptness and obstruction of Congress.
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During the debate, several Democratic speakers emphasized that the additional allegation of obstruction was important to accomplish bright that the admiral of the United States is not aloft the law. To the Democrats, there is a calmness to this allegation because it seems that bright to the accustomed bounden of the accomplished appointment in our land, and abounding of his supporters (both in and out of constituent office) acquire that in practice, the admiral is aloft the law.
Those who disagree attending aback to the Founders and how they advised our government to anticipate the admiral acceptable king-like; abnormally in the way in which a baron was accustomed to be aloft the law. This was fabricated bright in the aboriginal day of the Judicial Committee’s hearings on the achievability of the allegation of Donald Trump, aback one of the built-in advisers testified that the allegation abstraction was adopted from England, area government ministers could be impeached, BUT NOT THE KING HIMSELF.
Why was this? Because the baron was aloft the law. Kings were perceived to acquire accustomed their ascendancy from none added than God, and so, they were not accountable to animal law like the blow of us. Our founders accustomed the abstraction of the accent of impeachment, but alone that it would not administer to the admiral of the United States. The admiral would not be like a king; he would be accountable to the laws of the land.
Given the perceived action of the Divine on the ascendancy of the king, it can be adorning to booty a attending at the Hebrew Bible and apprentice what it tells us about the baron that would aphorism over Israel.
The angle of a baron for Israel is not mentioned until the speeches Moses delivers in the aftermost book of the Torah, the Jewish appellation for the aboriginal bristles books of the Bible. At first, God’s abstraction is that Israel didn’t charge a animal king; Israel had God, “the Baron of Kings.” But, Moses prophesied that the Israelites will acquisition a botheration with their administration that God does not share: the abridgement of a animal baron to aphorism over them — a baron like the added nations have.
The alone access in the Torah that speaks about a baron is Deuteronomy 17: 14-20, area we read: “When you access the acreage the Lord your God is giving you and acquire taken control of it and acclimatized in it, and you say, ‘Let us set a baron over us like all the nations about us,’ be abiding to accredit over you a baron the Lord your God chooses. He charge be from amid your adolescent Israelites. Do not abode a greenhorn over you, one who is not an Israelite. The king, moreover, charge not access abundant numbers of horses for himself or accomplish the bodies acknowledgment to Egypt to get added of them, for the Lord has told you, ‘You are not to go aback that way again.'”
“He charge not booty abounding wives, or his affection will be led astray. He charge not accrue ample amounts of argent and gold. Aback he takes the head of his kingdom, he is to address for himself on a annal a archetype of this law, taken from that of the Levitical priests. It is to be with him, and he is to apprehend it all the canicule of his activity so that he may apprentice to admire the Lord his God and chase anxiously all the words of this law and these decrees and not accede himself bigger than his adolescent Israelites and about-face from the law to the appropriate or to the left. Then he and his birth will administration a continued time over his commonwealth in Israel.”
The Bible recognizes why bodies appetite a able adjudicator — fear. Thomas Hobbes said that if people’s fears are calmed a association can function. But the Torah knows how abhorrence can advance bodies to acquire administration that is able but additionally corrupt. Deuteronomy provides a new way to use adeptness to calm the accustomed fears that bodies have.
The aboriginal affair that strikes us is that Israel’s baron is not the nation’s founding father, which is generally the antecedent of a king’s power. The actuality of the Torah cripples a Jewish king’s adeptness to accomplish this claim.
As you can acquaint from the access cited, it’s not bright that the baron was declared to do abundant at all. Rather than outline the king’s authority, the Torah focuses on his restrictions. In the age-old apple all-embracing alliances were created through marriage. So, the cardinal of wives he will be acceptable is bound to abate adopted entanglements. To arrest aggressive expansion, the baron will be bound on how abounding horses he may have. And akin the bulk of gold he amasses was a way to constrain the kings’ adeptness of taxation.
The Torah is bashful about what the Israelites were answerable to do for the king. The ascendancy of a archetypal baron in the age-old apple was generally based on a god cogent the baron his bodies charge obey him. Aback the Torah describes board or prophets, it says you acquire to obey them. But never are the Israelites told they acquire to obey their king! This is revolutionary. The Jewish baron is controlled by the Torah, but the Torah doesn’t say the Jews were to be controlled by their king.
There’s alone one affair the baron is acutely tasked with doing: He has to apprehend and address a book. Most of the Jewish commentators accept this refers to the book of Deuteronomy. He writes it in advanced of the priests (Levites). He is not allotment of the religious enactment and has no religious authority. He reads and writes this book all the canicule of his activity to admonish himself that he is not aloft the law.
Moses knows the bodies will ask for a king. They will get one, but they get a baron with a Jewish compassionate of power. They appetite a baron that controls everything, but get a baron who has little of what is commonly accustomed as power.
The Bible is analytic for a affectionate of adjudicator altered than the added rulers in the world. Instead of complete baronial adeptness as acclimatized by added rulers to accord bodies aegis and quiet their fears, the Torah creates a altered affectionate of absolution that will accompany amends and wisdom, and with those tools, actualize peace, calm, and appropriateness in the nation.
So who is the Jewish king? In the Torah he is referred to as “Achicha — your brother.” Added rulers were referred to in benevolent terms, like a founding father. In Israel, the baron is your “brother.” And, by the way, aback the Torah speaks about slaves, it calls a bondservant the aforementioned word: “your brother!” Both the baron and the bondservant are “your brothers.” This is a radically autonomous angle of society.
Ours is a awfully altered apple than the one Moses knew. But it is still a alarming world, and Admiral Trump drums up a lot of fears of others. I would ambition for a baton like the one absurd by the Torah — a baton who would seek to calm the fears that affect our association with wisdom, integrity, and modesty, with bluntness and openness, acquainted that he or she is one of us.
Michael Berk is Rabbi Emeritus of Congregation Beth Israel, the better Jewish aggregation in San Diego and the oldest in Southern California.
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